published papers

@inbook{Związek2017,

title = {Kuźnica w Stobnie. Uwagi osadnicze na marginesie edycji przywileju dla rudnika Jana Gelinghausa z 1560 roku},

author = {Związek, Tomasz},

editor = {Dzik, Michał; Śnieżko, Grzegorz},

url = {https://www.academia.edu/36083635/Ku%C5%BAnica_w_Stobnie._Uwagi_osadnicze_na_marginesie_edycji_przywileju_dla_rudnika_Jana_Gelinghausa_z_1560_roku},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-12-31},

booktitle = {Fines testis temporum. Studia ofiarowane Profesor Elżbiecie Kowalczyk-Heymanw pięćdziesięciolecie pracy naukowej},

pages = {127-147},

abstract = {The Smithery in Stobno. Some Settlement Remarks in Passing the Edition of the Privilege for the Smithery Steward John Gelinghaus from 1560.

The bog iron was undoubtedly one of the most important natural resources needed for civilization development. The value of this raw material was determined by the fact that it was available everywhere where were existed the delicate depressive forms of water. There, in the deposition process of iron ions formed solids and sand containing precious iron particles. Production of iron intermediates took place in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times mostly in smitheries – a watermills structurally adapted for machining raw materials into an iron rails. Workers working there were looking for and harvesting bog ore, while others worked on charcoal, which was the primary source of energy needed to roast and melt bog ore into an iron intermediate. This last act was naturally carried out by other smithery workers. This far-reaching professional specialization demonstrated the complexity of the technological process, but also it has influenced people working in this type of objects on the basic needs of housing and food. It can be said that every establishment of a smithery in a given place caused the transition of this place into a smithery settlement (Pol. osada kuźnicza). Jan Gelinghaus, mentioned in the title of the article, probably did not participate actively in the entire technological process. He was probably the person holding the smithery in Stobno and administering it. Gelinghaus received from the general starosta’s (Pol. starosta generalny) of Greater Poland – Stanisław Górka – a privilege written in Polish in 1560. By virtue of this document, he was allowed to build a smithery in the estates of the Ujście and Piła eldership (Pol. starostwo) to extract bog ore and to exploit the forests in order to produce iron. This privilege, together with a whole other mass of sources, gives a better understanding of the temporal functioning of the smithery in the above-mentioned region landscape. Studies on the smithery settlement in Stobno enabled to observe strong correlations between the natural environment and the functioning of the industrial workshop. The smithery was withering by over-exploitation of forests and depletion of the resources of the bog iron. With the closure of the smithery workshop somewhere at the turn of the 16th and 17th century was transformed into a regular village with a grain watermill existing in this place for next few centuries.},

keywords = {Environmental History, Historical Geography, History of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Material Culture Studies, Medieval Archaeology, Polish History},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inbook}

}